If Else-if & Else

Conditional statements allow the program to go in different directions. They are like the choose-your-own adventure books you might have read as a child.

if (condition1)
statement1;

else if (condition2)
statement2;

else
statement3;

In the above if structure if condition1 is true then statement1 is executed. If condition2 is true then statement2 is executed. Otherwise if neither condition1 nor condition2 is true statement3 is executed.

For example:
if (x == 3)
x=6;

else if (x < 7)
x=5;

else
x=3;

Logically the above code reads as follows:
If x is equal to three x is assigned the value 6.
If x is not three but is any other number that is less then 7 then x is assigned the value 5.
Otherwise if x is neither equal to 3 or less than 7 then x is assigned the value 3.

©2003 C. Whittington